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Hosting Terms
C/C++
Popular programming languages (C++ includes objects) that can be used to
create server programs that run after compilation. C and C++ were not designed
specifically for web programming, but they can still be useful, especially
because mature compilers producing very fast code and large code libraries
already exist.
Cable Modem
A cable modem is used for connecting to the Internet using the cable TV
infrastructure. It offers high speed Internet access.
Cache
An area on a computer's hard disk used by a Web Browser to store
recently downloaded pages. When a user returns to a stored page, it
is retrieved from the cache rather than the original Internet
Server, loading the page faster and reducing the load on the
network.
Carrier
A steady electronic signal into which information is encoded through
changes in the frequency or amplitude of the signal. It is also used
to describe any company that sells or rents telecommunications
services.
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
A style-sheet determines how the HTML document is displayed by
the browser. The current version of CSS is version 2 (CSS2).
CCIT
Comite Consultatif International Telegraphique et Telephonique
(International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee).
International telecommunication standards body.
CERN
(Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche Nucleaire) A nuclear
research laboratory where the World Wide Web was invented.
Certificate
Digital ID used for SSL transactions. It includes owner's public
key, the name of the owner, the issuer, hostname, and the expiration
date.
Certificate Authority
A company trusted by a browser maker that issues digital
certificates that are supposed to guarantee that the company is what
it claims to be for use in encrypted digital transactions though SSL.
Verisign is the biggest certificate authority.
CGI
Common Gateway Interface. A standard for interfacing web servers
with an executable application. A CGI program can be written in any
language like Perl or C/C++ and it is often stored in a special
directory like /cgi-bin. CGI is often used to process data from HTML
forms.
cgi-bin
A directory on the server where the executable CGI scripts
reside.
CERN / European Council for Nuclear Research
Initials originally from Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche
Nucleaire. The European Particle Physics Laboratory, CERN is famed
as the origin of the World Wide Web. An initiative to improve
collaboration among workers in the physics community, led by Tim
Berners-Lee and Robert Cailliau, led directly to the development of
HTML, HTTP, the first text-only browser and the first Web server.
CFML / Cold Fusion Markup Language
An extension of HTML. A proprietary markup language used by
Allaire's Cold Fusion to link HTML pages to database servers. CFML
goes beyond database management to fill some important gaps in HTML,
including session variables, branching logic, loops, and other
constructs that programmers are accustomed to using, such as error
trapping and debugging tools.
Chat
One of the most popular uses of the Internet, particularly among
newcomers, and widely regarded as the driving force behind the
success of AOL.
Churn
The rate at which customers abandon subscriptions to a service,
usually in favor of a competitor. Churn is an unfortunate fact of
life in the ISP business.
Circuit-Switched
Describes a network in which the two ends of a connection are linked
by a fixed circuit. For the duration of this connection the
communicating parties have exclusive use of the bandwidth it
provides.
CISCO
The company that connects up the majority of the world's networks.
The California company, with revenue now measured in billions of
dollars, started life at Stanford University, where Sandy Lerner and
Len Bosack worked out a way to connect up the computer systems in
different buildings on campus.
Clickstream
A record of the clicks made as Web users travel within and between
sites, and thus a record of the pages visited and the order in which
they were visited. Web marketers and advertisers use clickstream
information to determine the popularity of site sections, time spent
on various activities, usability of individual features and the
response to banner advertisements.
Clickthrough
An advertising term for a single instance of a click on an
advertisement. Clickthroughs are regarded as a better way of
measuring and paying for audience response than the number of
impressions, as they imply real interest on the part of the viewer.
Client / Server
Describes a computing model in which one program, a client, requests
information from another, a server. The client/server model is one
of the most important concepts in network computing, as it provides
a good way for organizations to make use of programs and data that
are distributed widely across different machines or networks.
CName / Canonical Name
This is an alias pointing to the true name of the host. Requires its
right hand side to have an address record.
Cold Fusion
ColdFusion, made by Allaire, is a popular and sophisticated set of
products for building Web site and serving page to users. With
ColdFusion, a company can build a content database using input
template and combine these with application programs to create a Web
site in which pages are developed dynamically as they are served.
ColdFusion has its own page markup language, called ColdFusion
Markup Language (CFML). CFML encompasses the Web's Hypertext Markup
Language (HTML) and Extensible Markup Language (XML).
Collage
A synchronous collaborative data analysis tool for use over the
Internet, from NCSA.
Co-location
Many service providers now offer co-location services, which allow
you to place your server at their site, on their network, and linked
to their connection.
Co-Location Hosting
This hosting option allows you to place your server at their site,
on their network, and linked to their connection. Administration is
done remotely so that a customer far away can configure and control
their equipment.
COM / Component Object Model
A complex set of technologies developed by Microsoft for allowing
pieces of software known as components or objects to work together.
COM sets common standards that allow unrelated bits of code to talk
to each other.
Community
A collection of individuals or users of a website, mailing list or
newsgroup, generally united through a common interest,
community-building is one of the biggest challenges faced by website
owners, for whom unclicked banners, empty chat rooms and discussion
groups, or unclaimed web space presage doom. The rules for
encouraging the development and retention of such communities are
not clearly defined, and many theories circulate about how best to
attempt this. Howard Rheingold's book Virtual Communities, available
online, provides one of the best such discussions.
Compression
A technique for reducing the size of files, commonly used to speed
transmission and download times. Most compression algorithms work by
removing or replacing redundant information from text or binary
files, such as blank space or often-repeated characters.
Compuserve
A pioneering online service. Compuserve has a special place in the
hearts of internet old-timers -- for many it was their first
experience of e-mail and chat.
Control Panel
A control panel should be able to help to manage your web site,
without having to know all of the commands or/and contact customer
support. For example, you are able to use control panel to set mail
forwarding options, enable/disable anonymous FTP access, view your
statistics, change your password and more.
Convergence
The coming together of disparate technologies, such as internet
services, television and other forms of entertainment. Nearly
everyone knows how to work a television set, but PCS are much harder
for them to master. It makes sense, then, for the television to act
as a central source of digital information, whether it be e-mail,
the web, satellite and cable television, video-on-demand or video
games.
Cookie
A text file left by a website on a hard disk. Cookies record
information about site visitors, especially information that can be
used to make life easier for users on subsequent visits. When a
visitor returns, the site retrieves the cookie and reads it for
password or login information, user-configured preference such as
page layout, or credit card numbers, for example. Advertisers and
webmasters make extensive use of cookies to track the behavior of
site visitors, noting the sections and pages that they visit,
keeping track of dead-ends that force users to go back on themselves
and watching their response to banner advertising.
Copyleft
A software licensing scheme in which programs can be modified,
redistributed or even sold, with the proviso that anyone who does so
also passes on the freedom to make further changes.
Copyright
The issue of who owns what on the internet is, unsurprisingly, a
complex one. Like obscenity laws, copyright laws differ from country
to country, making regulation on the internet difficult. The
internet has also thrown up some new and effectively ungovernable
ways of distributing copyrighted material.
CORBA / Common Object Request Broker Architecture
A set of standards enabling object-oriented programs to work
together over networks, irrespective of where they are or who
designed them.
Cracker
Someone who breaks into someone else's computer system, usually on a
network.
Crawler
A program that visits Web pages and reads their contents, usually on
behalf of a search engine responding to a request from a website
owner. Once read, the information is returned to the search engine,
indexed and made generally available to the outside world.
Cron
The clock daemon in UNIX that executes commands at specified dates
and times according to instructions in a file.
Cross-platform
Software and network systems designed to work on any hardware type
or with any operating system. Internet protocols, for example, work
independently of any specific kind of computer hardware or operating
system. Cross-platform design means that incompatible kinds of
hardware can be linked by a common way of exchanging or moving bits.
CSS / Cascading Style Sheets
A feature being added to HTML to give both Web site developers and
users more control over how pages are displayed. With CSS, designers
and users can create style and appear. These style sheets can then
be applied to any Web page. The term cascading derives from the fact
that multiple style sheets can be applied to the same Web page. CSS
was developed by the W3C.
CUI / Character-based User Interface
This is a computer control system that makes the user type in
commands(characters) to operate the computer. This is the opposite
of GUI, which uses pictures, or icons, to help the user operate the
computer.
Cyberpunk
Someone dedicated to the use of cryptography to build anonymous,
private communications systems.
Cyberspace
The imagined space of graphically represented data in a global
computer network. Coined by William Gibson in the novel Neuromancer
(1984).
Cybersquatting
The act of registering a company name as a domain name by someone
outside the company in hopes of selling it to the company for a
profit. Anti-cybersquatting legislation has been introduced to make
it illegal.
Cyborg / Cybernetic Organism
Part organic, part inorganic or machine. The cyborg has become a
metaphor for a group of ideas pertaining to human-machine interfaces
and organic-inorganic combinations as well as for hybrid identities
formed in contemporary electronic media culture.
Cybraian
A librarian or researcher specializing in the Internet, rather than
books, as a source of information
Hosting Tips
Ask your host to pay for your domain name.
If you want to host a NEW domain name, you can request
the hosting company to pay your domain name for you. The
cost of domain registration and renewal is about £6 per
year.Minimize your website expenses
If you are unusual about hosting and if you are still in the
development and testing stage of your website, go for cheap
hosting service. You save money by minimizing your website
expenses on the initial stage, and once your site is ready
for public to view, you can always decide to stay or move to
another host. Always choose to host with reliable hosts that
offer responsive technical support.
Read user reviews and hosting news
If you already have a host, and you intend to switch and
search for another host, always start your search by reading
user reviews and hosting news. This is simply because
hosting companies that are always in the news are always
innovating to provide better, cheaper, faster, newer or more
efficient hosting services in the current marketplace. User
review are comments provided by the people who have used and
experienced their hosting services. Read users reviews to
find out the actual hosting services provided by the hosts
to help you decide which hosts suit your budget and plans. |
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